• An historical perspective of Peru's trade liberalization policies of the 80s
    In 1979, and after two decades of following inward-oriented policies, Peru started to reduce its trade barriers. This tendency was intensified during 1980 by the government of Fernando Belaunde Terry....
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: DRD168 Date: May 1, 1986 Author: Nogues,Julio
  • Fertility in sub-Saharan Africa : analysis and explanation
    This paper presents a detailed analysis of fertility in 10 sub - Saharan African countries for which World Fertility Survey data are available. These data and similar data from other developing countries...
    Type: Working Paper (Numbered Series) Report#: PHN8513 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Cochrane, Susan H. ; Farid, Samir M.
  • Rent control in India : its economic effects and implementation in Bangalore
    Recent research on rent control has demonstrated that rent control differs greatly in its effects from place to place, depending on the specific provisions of the rent control laws, their enforcement,...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: UDD91 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Tewari, Vinod ; Kumar, T. Krishna
  • The analysis of multipurpose national housing
    There is increasing awareness that the efficiency of public enterprises in developing countries must be improved. What has been developed in this paper is an analytical checklist or, if one prefers, the...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: UDD94 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Gardner, Donald
  • Financial appraisal of public infrastructure projects and implementing institutions : guidance for financial intermediaries
    Increasingly, World Bank and other financing for projects is channelled through financial intermediaries. Examples of these range from government departments to more formal financial and/or banking institutions....
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: UDD95 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Jones, David
  • Financial appraisal strategy for water supply and sanitation projects : guidance for financial intermediaries
    Although in the past much emphasis has been placed by borrowers, lenders and project approval entities on the technical design and implementation of water and sanitation projects, the author maintains...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: UDD98 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Jones, David
  • An appraisal of highway maintenance by contract in developing countries
    The introduction of competitive practices in the performance of routine maintenance operations is gaining strength in many countries. In some cases, the move to contracting has been motivated by the rapid...
    Type: Working Paper (Numbered Series) Report#: TRP1 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Harral, Clell G ; Henriod, Ernesto E ; Graziano, Pet
  • Public land development agencies in developing countries : elements of financial and managerial appraisal
    This paper examines public land development agencies in developing countries and the key determinants of their success. The objective of the paper is to provide operational tools to evaluate the performance...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: UDD93 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Van Meurs,Arianna K.
  • Urban Africa in macroeconomic and microeconomic perspective : issues and options
    This paper provides a survey of recent research on the economic problems associated with urbanization in Africa. The paper also analyzes African nations' current policies, and the impact of their macroeconomic...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: UDD97 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Becker, Charles ; deBodisco, Christopher ; Morrison,Andrew R.
  • Contractual savings schemes for housing : international comparisons and applications to developing countries
    Contractual savings schemes are frequently mentioned as desirable instruments for the mobilization of financial savings for housing, but comparative data about the characteristics of this special form...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: UDD92 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Chretien,Michel
  • Urban sub-Saharan Africa in macroeconomic perspective : selected issues and options
    This paper argues in favor of harnessing the human and financial resources of the African city as part of any strategy to ensure greater, and more widespread, economic development. The urban sector can...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: UDD96 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Hamer,Andrew M.
  • Government wage policy in Africa : summary of findings and policy issues
    This paper documents for a number of African countries the evidence on trends in wage levels and structures over time and raises some policy issues. It finds that there has been a severe erosion in the...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: CPD8624 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Lindauer, David ; Meesook, Oey ; Suebsaeng, Parita
  • The costs of land information systems
    In most developing countries, the inadequacy of land information poses a severe constraint on land transactions, land consolidation, property taxation and public planning of all kinds. Reliable cost data...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: UDD99 Date: April 30, 1986 Author: Bernstein,Janis D.
  • Bangladesh - Preinvestment evaluation of small scale uses of natural gas
    This report presents the results of a study sponsored by the United Development Program (UNDP) / World Bank Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) to explore the economic viability of rural...
    Type: ESMAP Paper Report#: 48198 Date: April 1, 1986
  • Efficiency of tax-contract policies for natural resource rent collection
    The efficiency of natural resource tax-contract systems is of interest to both resource owners and firms wishing to explore for and extract resources. The present paper considers the small country case...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: DRD163 Date: April 1, 1986 Author: Virmani,Arvind
  • Devaluation and the real exchange rate
    This paper examines the short-term and long-term effects of a nominal devaluation on the real exchange rate. It is shown that in the absence of supporting policies that limit increases in prices and factor...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: DRD170 Date: April 1, 1986 Author: Khan, Mohsin S. ; LIZONDO, JOSE SAUL
  • Efficiency of practical resource rent tax system : threshold rates and income taxes
    An abstract pure profit or rent tax for a known resource is easy to define and analyze. The challenge is to (a) design a tax-contract system which is relatively efficient in extracting rents when the...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: DRD164 Date: April 1, 1986 Author: Virmani,Arvind
  • Implications of a VAT in India : the deductability system
    The paper presents a practical methodology for assessing the impact of domestic indirect tax reform. The methodology is based on a simple extension of the input-output framework to take account of partial...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: DRD165 Date: April 1, 1986 Author: Virmani,Arvind
  • China's economic reforms in a comparative perspective
    The paper makes recommendations for simultaneously establishing macroeconomic equilibrium and extending the reform effort in China. As to the latter, recommendations are made: (a) for increasing the decision-making...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: DRD177 Date: April 1, 1986 Author: Balassa,Bela
  • Recent experiences with exchange auctions
    This paper synthesizes, updates and expands upon an earlier CPD Discussion Paper on the experiences with exchange auctions. One response to foreign exchange crises in a limited number of cases in the 1980s...
    Type: Departmental Working Paper Report#: CPD8629 Date: March 31, 1986 Author: Krumm,Kathie L.
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