As China embarks upon a new era of ecological civilization focused on green development, water is central to the realization of the country’s sustainable economic prosperity. Acknowledging this, the Government has made significant investments in infrastructure, information, innovation and institutional development. Yet China still faces serious challenges in water quantity and quality. The Development Research Center of the State Council and the World Bank jointly issued the report “A New Era of Water Governance in China” which provides new ideas and recommendations for water governance in China.