A new Federal Ministry of Marine and Blue Economy (MOMBE) in Nigeria is currently developing its structure and formulating its vision. The Government of Nigeria considers the ‘blue economy’ as a tool to boost job creation and economic growth. The new Ministry has the mandate to institutionalize Blue Economy as an important pillar for economic sustenance and growth diversification having due regards to the ecosystem. Its vision is to position Nigeria as a premier maritime nation by utilizing the potentials of its blue economy to diversify revenue; assure sustainable development; and cultivate environmental stewardship. But increasing pressures on the coastal and marine ecosystems and challenges with the sustainable use of natural resources affect Nigeria’s BE potential. Coastal economic activities are exposed to increasing risks of pollution; erosion; fluvial and coastal flooding caused by rapid urbanization; oil spillage; waste and plastic waste management practices; mangrove depletion; sediment trapping by port/upstream dams; and more recently climate change/variability driven sea-level rise and intense precipitation. It is estimated that coastal degradation (urban floods; erosion; and pollution) in three states Cross River; Delta; and Lagos in 2018; cost society US$9.7 billion; or 2.4 percent of GDP. To address these challenges; the Government of Nigeria needs to address fragmented policies and budget planning and the limited intersectoral cooperation across blue sectors (e.g between federal; state; and local levels). There are opportunities to support the development of institutional frameworks for a new Ministry and to strengthen vertical (national/states/community) and horizontal (intersectoral) coordination. It is also important to improve integrated management of natural resources at the community level and strengthen selected sectors focusing on promoting local economy; investments in key blue sector activities to foster a climate-resilient BE and protect the ecological integrity of the coast and maritime resources. Strategic participatory planning and coordination supported by this grant are expected to enhance the outcomes of integrated management by supporting synergies and cooperation across sectors. The World Bank through the PROBLUE a multi-donor Trust Fund will support the Government develop the Blue Economy Framework in Nigeria. The WB will mobilize a consulting firm to provide support on three key components of the WB/MOMBE technical assistance: Data; Analyses; and Mapping; Policy and Institutional Development; and Coordination and Planning of Investments. These components aim to strengthen the regulatory and institutional structures necessary for core functions and service delivery of the MOMBE and the states; ensure that resources are allocated efficiently and that various stakeholders are aligned in their efforts; as well as support informed decision-making in the BE space.