The World Bank Enterprise Survey (ES) 2025 in Afghanistan is a survey of private sector establishments and measures the characteristics of firms and their experiences in the business environment.The firm-level survey will consist of the global ES module (www.enterprisesurveys.org); with specific questions for measuring the business enabling environment. The expected sample size is 360 completed interviews. In addition to the ES; this project entails one additional quantitative component: the Informal Sector Enterprise Survey; i.e.; interviews unregistered businesses of any size; following an adaptive clustering method and using a relatively brief questionnaire. These surveys will be conducted at the city (urban area) level in Kabul; Mazar-e-Sharif; Jalalabad; Herat; and Kandahar.